Chapitre 4. L'accident du travail chez soi.

The widespread use of teleworking during the health crisis reduced the flow of occupational accident claims by 20%. This applies to commuting accidents, as well as claims related to « immediate » or “deferred” risks (Rapp. annuel 2020 de l’Assurance maladie - Risques professionnels : Eléments statistiques et financiers, déc. 2021, p. 2 and 113). On the basis of these figures, working at home could be analyzed as a means of preventing occupational risks and improving workers’ health. In reality, however, these figures should not obscure the fact that telecommuting is a major occupational hazard. This is all the more the case given that, while telecommuting was not very widespread before the pandemic, it is now popular with employees and is being developed by many companies as a source of productivity (Rapp. CNP, May 16 2022). We therefore need to keep a close eye on the development of workplace accident legislation in this area, its adaptability to the specific claims experience of teleworkers and its perfectibility, not forgetting the thorny question of the possible recognition of the employer’s inexcusable fault in the event of the accident being covered by professional legislation.

Establishment-level safety analytics: a scoping review.

The use of data analytics has seen widespread application in fields such as medicine and supply chain management, but their application in occupational safety has only recently become more common. The purpose of this scoping review was to summarize studies that employed analytics within establishments to reveal insights about work-related injuries or fatalities. Over 300 articles were reviewed to survey the objectives, scope and methods used in this emerging field. We conclude that the promise of analytics for providing actionable insights to address occupational safety concerns is still in its infancy. Our review shows that most articles were focused on method development and validation, including studies that tested novel methods or compared the utility of multiple methods. Many of the studies cited various challenges in overcoming barriers caused by inadequate or inefficient technical infrastructures and unsupportive data cultures that threaten the accuracy and quality of insights revealed by the analytics.

Autoeficacia laboral percibida, y características del retorno al trabajo en mujeres supervivientes de cáncer de mama en Colombia / Perceived work self-efficacy, and characteristics of return to work in women survivors of breast cancer at two reference centers in Colombia

Objetivo: La reincorporación laboral y permanencia en el mismo empleo de mujeres super-vivientes al cáncer de mama cobran gran importancia a medida que las tasas de incidencia y la supervivencia aumentan, siendo la autoeficacia un elemento modificable de especial interés en este proceso. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar el nivel de autoeficacia en mujeres supervivientes de cáncer de mama, según las características sociodemográficas, laborales y de tratamiento y su relación con la reincorporación laboral.Métodos: Estudio transversal, basado en una encuesta a pacientes de cáncer de mama de dos centros oncológicos sobre sus características demográficas, laborales, el proceso de retorno al trabajo, la permanencia en el mismo empleo y el nivel de autoeficacia laboral. Se evaluaron las diferencias en el nivel de autoeficacia con respecto a las características mediante análisis bivariado y pruebas estadísticas de contraste de hipótesis. Un valor de p<0.05 se consideró estadísticamente significativo.Resultados: Se incluyeron 124 mujeres, de las cuales 87,9% habían retornado al trabajo, la mayoría (56,4%) entre uno y seis meses después del tratamiento, y el 67,7% permanecían en el mismo empleo. Los niveles superiores de autoeficacia laboral se relacionaron con una mayor probabilidad de retorno al trabajo y permanencia en el mismo, y menor tiempo de reincorporación, siendo estas diferencias estadísticamente significativas.Conclusión: La autoeficacia laboral y el apoyo organizacional son recursos que los servi-cios de salud laboral y prevención de riesgos deben considerar y fortalecer para ayudar a un retorno exitoso y sostenido al trabajo en supervivientes de cáncer de mama.(AU)

Objective: Return to work and permanence in employment of women who survive breast cancer are topics that become important as incidence and survival rates increase. Self-ef-ficacy as a modifiable element is of special interest in this process. The objective of this study is to measure the level of self-efficacy in female breast cancer survivors, according to sociodemographic, work and treatment characteristics and their relationship with return to work.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, based on a survey of breast cancer patients about their demographic and work characteristics, the return to work process, permanence in the same job and the level of work self-efficacy. Differences in the level of self-efficacy with respect to characteristics were evaluated using bivariate analyses and hypothesis sta-tistical testing. A value of p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: One hundred and twenty-four women were included, 87.9% had returned to work, the majority (56.4%) between one and six months after treatment, 67.7% remained in the same job. Higher levels of work self-efficacy were related to a higher probability of returning to work and staying there, and a shorter time to return to work; these differences were sta-tistically significant. Conclusion: Occupational health and risk prevention services must consider and strength-en work self-efficacy and organizational support in breast cancer survivors to achieve a successful return to work.(AU)

Integrated psychological intervention programme for frontline healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. A qualitative study / Programa integrado de intervenciones psicológicas de emergencia en sanitarios durante la pandemia de la COVID-19. Estudio cualitativo

Introduction: The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic put at risk the resilience of health-care professionals by exposing them to high levels of stress. Our aim was to identify key elements for implementing the STEP programme, a psychological support service for healthcare professionals.Methods: qualitative design. The study participants were hospital healthcare staff. Anon-ymous questionnaires and transcriptions of group interventions and focus groups were used to identify professionals’ preferences to receiving psychological support, needs, concerns, resilience (STEP1.0); constrained emotions and associated thoughts (STEP1.5); perception of self-efficacy on managing emotions (STEP2.0); and the professionals’ profile requiring individual therapy.Results: Three hundred professionals participated in the study, 100.0% in STEP 1.0 , 27.3% in STEP 1.5, 2.7% in STEP 2.0, and 10.0% in individual interventions. Two hundred and three (67.7%) participants reflected in the survey that they would prefer access to a face-to-face psychological service during working hours. Three consecutive phases with specific needs and concerns were identified: The “cognitive” phase, at the beginning of the pandemic, when infection and self-efficacy were major concerns, the “ventilation” phase, when constrained emotions associated with several factors were expressed; and the “recovery” phase, when the clinical overload decreased and professionals were able to focus on emotion manage-ment training. Several personal characteristics associated with referral to individual therapy were identified. Conclusions: The key characteristics of a psychological support service are proximity, face-to-face interaction during working shifts, and a chronological phase system adapted to dif-ferent emerging needs.(AU)

Introducción: El estallido de la pandemia de la COVID-19 puso en riesgo la resiliencia de los profesionales sanitarios exponiéndolos a alto riesgo de estrés. Nuestro objetivo consistió en identificar elementos clave para implementar un servicio de apoyo psicológico para pro-fesionales.Método: Diseño cualitativo. Participaron profesionales a nivel hospitalario. Se utilizaron cuestionarios anónimos, transcripciones de intervenciones grupales y grupo focal. Se consideraron las variables asociadas a las herramientas de intervención psicológica im-plementadas: STEP 1.0, necesidades, preocupaciones y resiliencia; STEP 1.5, emociones contenidas y pensamientos asociados; STEP 2.0, percepción de autoeficacia en gestión de emociones. Características de profesionales asociadas a terapia individual; así como el método elegido para recibir apoyo psicológico. Resultados: Participaron 300 profesionales, 100.0% en STEP 1.0, 27.3% en STEP 1.5, 2.7% en STEP 2.0 y 10.0% en intervenciones individuales. En 203 cuestionarios los profesionales preferían un servicio psicológico presencial y durante las horas de trabajo. Se identificaron 3 fases consecutivas con necesidades y preocupaciones específicas: Fase “Cognitiva”, incial, cuando la infección y autoeficacia preocupaban más. Fase de “Ventilación” cuando se expresaron emociones contenidas asociadas a varios factores. Fase de “Recuperación”, cuando los profesionales afrontaron la gestión de emociones. Se identificaron característi-cas asociadas a la derivación a terapia individual. Conclusión: Las características clave de un servicio de apoyo psicológico son la proximi-dad, presencialidad, activarse en turnos laborales y seguir un sistema cronológico de fases adaptado a las distintas necesidades emergentes.(AU)

Enfermedad pulmonar intersticial difusa de posible origen laboral atendida en el Servicio Navarro de Salud. Navarra, España, 2017-2022 / Diffuse interstitial lung disease of possible occupational origin treated at the Navarra Health Service. Navarra, Spain, 2017-2022

Introducción: La enfermedad pulmonar intersticial difusa (EPID) describe un amplio grupo de trastornos con inflamación y fibrosis pulmonar. La asbestosis y la silicosis son las princi-pales causas por exposición laboral. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estimar la proporción de casos de posible origen laboral y describir la exposición, situación clínica y laboral. Método: Estudio longitudinal retrospectivo de los casos de EPID, en el período 2017-2022 en el Hospital Universitario de Navarra. Se completó la información con entrevista a los casos de posible origen laboral. Se calculó la proporción de casos de origen laboral y se analizaron las características laborales y clínicas, con comparación estadística de porcen-tajes y medias. Resultados: De un total de 1067 casos de EPID, 56 tuvieron un posible origen laboral, 5,2% (3,9-6,6 IC 95%) 36 (64,3%) correspondieron a asbestosis, 15 (26,8%) a silicosis y 5 (8,9%) a neumoconiosis no especificada. Las actividades más frecuentes en silicosis fueron “cor-te-tallado de piedra” y para asbestosis ”fabricación productos hierro”. La media de edad de los casos de asbestosis fue superior a los de silicosis (78,2 vs. 67,3 años), así como su afec-tación clínica. Cinco casos (8,9%) habían sido reconocidos como enfermedad profesional Conclusiones: La implementación de una herramienta informática en historia clínica ha he-cho posible estimar la magnitud y valorar la evolución de las EPID laborales atendidas en el servicio nacional de salud. Las actividades económicas reflejan la estructura económica de riesgo de la región. Sin embargo, existe una falta de su reconocimiento como enfermedad profesional y suponen una carga de enfermedad respiratoria evitable.(AU)

Introduction: Diffuse interstitial lung disease (ILD) describes a broad group of pulmonary inflammatory and fibrosis disorders. Asbestosis and silicosis are the main causes linked to occupational exposure. The aim of this study was to estimate the proportion of cases with possible occupational origin and describe their exposure, clinical, and occupational status.Method: We conducted a retrospective longitudinal study of ILD cases between 2017 - 2022 at the University Hospital of Navarra was conducted. Information was supplemented with interviews of cases with possible occupational origin. The occupational proportion was cal-culated, labor and clinical characteristics analyzed, by statistical comparison of percenta-ges and means.Results: Out of 1067 ILD cases, 56 had a possible occupational origin 5,2% (95% CI 3,9-6,6%). 36 (64,3%) corresponded to asbestosis, 15 (26,8%) to silicosis, and 5 (8,9%) to unspe-cified pneumoconiosis. The most frequent activities in silicosis were "stone cutting-carving" and in asbestosis "manufacture of iron products". The average age of asbestosis cases was higher than that of silicosis cases (78,2 vs. 67,3 years), as well as their clinical manifesta-tion. Five cases (8,9%) had been recognized as occupational diseases.Conclusions: The implementation of a computer tool in medical records has made it pos-sible to estimate the magnitude and assess the evolution of occupational ILD treated in the Public Health Service. Economic activities reflect the economic risk structure of the region. However, there is a lack of recognition of these diseases as occupational illnesses and they represent a preventable burden of respiratory diseas:(AU)

Ergonomics, musculoskeletal disorders, treatment and return to work: a conceptual framework for intervention programs / Ergonomía, Trastornos Musculoesqueléticos, Tratamiento y Retorno al Trabajo – Marco Conceptual para programas de intervención

Musculoskeletal disorders are one of the most recurrent diseases among manual workers worldwide. The objective of this study was to analyze primary results of a systematic review on ergonomics, musculoskeletal disorders, treatment, and return to work in blue-collar work-ers to form a new conceptual framework applicable to intervention programs in this area. This study was based on the available scientific evidence we identified. Descriptive data and their trending topics areas were used to form the conceptual framework. The trend shows that working conditions can be represented as a three-axis scheme with a multidimensional conceptual framework considering ergonomic risks, the treatment of affected workers and the determinants related to working conditions. These results may help future research in the field of ergonomics as well as emerging topics focused on intervention programs.(AU)

Los trastornos musculoesqueléticos son una de las enfermedades más recurrentes entre los trabajadores que realizan operaciones manuales a nivel mundial. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar los resultados primarios de una revisión sistemática sobre ergonomía, trastornos musculoesqueléticos, tratamiento y retorno al trabajo en trabajadores operativos para formar un nuevo marco conceptual aplicable a los programas de intervención en esta área. Este estudio se basó en la evidencia científica disponible identificada. Se utilizaron datos descriptivos y sus áreas de temas de tendencia para formar el marco conceptual. La tendencia muestra que las condiciones de trabajo pueden representarse como un esquema de tres ejes con un marco conceptual multidimensional que considera los riesgos ergonómicos, el tratamiento de los trabajadores afectados y los determinantes relacionados con las condiciones de trabajo. Estos resultados podrían ayudar a futuras investigaciones en el campo de la ergonomía, así como a temas emergentes centrados en programas de intervención.(AU)

[Investigation and analysis of acute poisoning of organic fluorine mixed gas in a fluorine polymerization plant].

In January 2021, an acute chemical poisoning incident occurred at a fluorine polymerization plant. Through the analysis of the occupational health situation of the enterprise, combined with the clinical manifestations of the poisoned patients and the laboratory examination results, it was determined that the incident was an acute poisoning incident caused by the inhalation of organic fluorine mixed gas in the fluorine polymerization plant. Subsequently, it was clarified that the accident was caused by the illegal operation of the employees of the fluorine polymerization plant, which caused the discharge of the organic fluorine mixed gas containing high concentration of octafluoroisobutene, resulting in the poisoning of the on-site construction personnel. In order to avoid the occurrence of similar incidents, enterprises should implement the main responsibility of safety production, regularly organize supervision and inspection, eliminate illegal operations, conduct safety education and training for the staff of the unit and outsourced staff, and improve the emergency rescue ability of sudden poisoning incidents.

The role of organizational factors in promoting workers' health in the construction sector: A comprehensive analysis.

INTRODUCTION: The number of physical and mental problems caused by occupational accidents and diseases increases every year. To control them, the safety climate at work is a recognized critical factor. However, a widely applicable model to capture the safety climate for various industries and organizations is lacking. METHOD: This study proposes a theoretical model to measure the direct and indirect effects of safety climate on workers' physical and mental health, mediated by job satisfaction, in the construction sector. We propose a multidimensional construct of safety climate, considering the most salient factors from the literature, and including psychological capital as a new factor. Using data from the last wave of the European Working Conditions Survey (2015) in Spain, the proposed model was validated using structural equation modeling. RESULTS: Our findings suggest that to further improve the mental health of construction workers, work-life balance and job rewards and compensation must be prioritized along with safety climate. As for physical health, safety climate and work-life balance are crucial. Finally, we provide some recommendations for construction company managers based on a ranking of all the factors affecting the safety climate and the workers' health.

Safety: A collective and embedded competency. An ethnographic study of safety practices at an industrial workplace in the Netherlands.

INTRODUCTION: Organizations place strong emphasis on the standardized occupational health and safety procedures to reduce work-related illnesses and workplace accidents. However, standardized procedures are not always followed up in daily work practices. Organizations must cope with the differences between standardized procedures and local adaptation by employees. METHODS: This ethnographic field study at an industrial workplace in the Netherlands provides insights into employees' everyday work practices, how these work practices are shaped, and how they relate to local occupational health and safety procedures. Acknowledging safety as a competency embedded in work practices, as introduced by Gherardi and Nicolini (2002), offers a theoretical point of view for looking beyond the dichotomy of standardization and local adaptations. RESULTS: The results show that a standardized and noncontextualized occupational health and safety management system that focuses on accident-free days and compliance actually leads to ignorance of practical and tacit competences of workers and no learning and improvement of safety procedures can take place. However, our findings also illustrate how employees in their informal everyday work practices reduce the risks produced by the safety system itself. CONCLUSION: Overall, the results indicate that social interactions among employees, leaders, and management within the organization play an important role in workplace safety. The analysis highlights the value of vulnerability and trust in relationships at work to be able to learn and develop safety procedures that align with local demands. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: This study emphasizes the need for participatory approaches in creating safer and healthier workplaces. The cocreation of occupational health and safety (OHS) rules and procedures, however, can only function if they are combined with a responsive leadership style.

Risk self-perception and occupational accidents.

INTRODUCTION: This study analyzes the relationship between measures of occupational accidents and workers' perception of risk in the workplace using nationally representative data on workers' characteristics and a complete record of occupational accidents. METHODS: Regression analyzes addressing both the ordinal nature of the dependent variable and causality were conducted to control for different sociodemographic factors influencing workers' perceptions of occupational risks. Special attention was paid to the risk level of the worker's workgroup, existence of family responsibilities, organizational safety culture, and measures of accident rates. RESULTS: Individuals showed different perceptions of risk based on their personal and work characteristics. Significant associations were observed between each variable of interest and risk perception. Overall, the results remain robust across specifications addressing both simultaneity and ordinality. CONCLUSIONS: Employees' "reading" of hazards was not fully aligned with objective information on occupational accidents but depended on individual characteristics. Having family responsibilities or being unionized increased workers' risk perception, whereas belonging to a workgroup with higher accident rates reduced it. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Knowing how workers perceive risk and how this perception deviates from statistical information on accidents are essential for management to accurately design safety measures. In this regard, specific characteristics such as age, having dependents in the family, or the typology of the workers' workgroup should be taken into account. Greater knowledge of preventive measures will improve the way workers perceive risk, and ultimately contribute to reducing the likelihood of occupational accidents.

Processo de trabalho das enfermeiras da atenção primária à saúde frente à pandemia por covid-19 / Nurses' work process of primary health care in the face of the covid-19 pandemic / Proceso de trabajo de las enfermeras de la atención primaria de salud ante la pandemia del covid-19

Objetivo: Analisar o processo de trabalho das enfermeiras da Atenção Primária à Saúde frente à pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória. A coleta de dados ocorreu de abril a maio de 2021, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada com 09 enfermeiras. Os dados foram analisados por meio de análise temática, e interpretados à luz da literatura pertinente. Resultados: Evidenciou-se o medo de faltar Equipamentos de Proteção Individual e recusa de atendimentos na falta destes. Utilizou-se a teleconsulta como meio de assistência de enfermagem, que mostrou limitações, como: invasão de privacidade das enfermeiras, extensão da jornada de trabalho e sobrecarga. Priorizou-se o atendimento à saúde da mulher e da criança. E ainda, notou-se o esforço no acolhimento aos casos suspeitos e agudos de COVID-19. Verificou-se a sobrecarga de trabalho e acúmulo de funções. Entretanto, lições foram adquiridas como a valorização de medidas de proteção, como a higiene das mãos. Conclusão: Infere-se a necessidade de criação e validação de novos protocolos que fortaleçam a assistência de enfermagem, bem como a importância de estimular as políticas de saúde para controle das Infecções Relacionadas à Assistência à Saúde. (AU)

Objective: To analyze the work process of Primary Health Care nurses in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This is a qualitative, descriptive and exploratory research. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis and interpreted in light of the relevant literature. Results: The fear of lacking personal protective equipment was evidenced and the refusal of care in the absence of these. Teleconsultation was used as a means of nursing care, which showed limitations such as invasion of nurses' privacy, extension of the workday and overload. The health care of women and children was prioritized. Also, there was an effort to host suspected and acute cases of COVID-19. There was work overload and accumulation of functions. However, lessons were learned, such as valuing protective measures such as hand hygiene. Conclusion: The need to create and validate new protocols that strengthen nursing care is inferred, as well as the importance of stimulating health policies to control Health-Related Infections. (AU)

Objetivo: Analizar el proceso de trabajo de las enfermeras de Atención Primaria de Salud frente a la pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: Se trata de una investigación cualitativa, descriptiva y exploratoria. Los datos se analizaron mediante un análisis temático y se interpretaron a la luz de la bibliografía pertinente. Resultados: Se evidenció el miedo a la falta de equipo de protección personal y la negativa de atención en ausencia de estos. La teleconsulta fue utilizada como medio de atención de enfermería, que mostró limitaciones como la invasión de la privacidad de los enfermeros, la duración de la jornada laboral y la sobrecarga. Se priorizó la atención de la salud de las mujeres y los niños. Además, hubo un esfuerzo para albergar casos sospechosos y agudos de COVID-19. Había sobrecarga de trabajo y acumulación de funciones. Sin embargo, se aprendieron lecciones, como la valoración de medidas de protección como la higiene de manos. Conclusión: Se infiere la necesidad de crear y validar nuevos protocolos que fortalezcan los cuidados de enfermería, así como la importancia de estimular políticas de salud para el control de las Infecciones Relacionadas con la Salud. (AU)

Descriptive summary of fatal work-related injuries, Western States, 2011-2017.

Work-related deaths are a persistent occupational health issue that can be prevented. However, prevention opportunities can be hampered by a lack of adequate public health resources. The Western States Occupational Network (WestON) is a network of federal, state, and local occupational health professionals that includes a 19-state region of the United States. To encourage public health collaboration, WestON partners examined work-related fatalities within the region. Fatality counts (numerators) were obtained from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries restricted-access research files for all workers ages ≥15 years and fatally injured in WestON states from 2011 through 2017. Estimates of full-time equivalent hours worked (FTE) (denominators) were retrieved from the BLS Current Population Survey. Annual average fatality rates were calculated as number of fatalities per 100,000 FTE over the study period. Rates were stratified by state, select demographics, industry sector, and event/exposure types. Pearson chi-squared tests and rate ratios with 95% confidence probability limits were used to assess rate differences. All analyses were conducted using SAS v.9.4. From 2011 through 2017, the annual average overall occupational fatality rate for the WestON region was 3.5 fatalities per 100,000 FTE, comparable to the overall U.S. fatality rate. Male workers had a fatality rate almost 10 times higher than female workers in the region. Fatality rates increased with successive age groups. Alaska and New Mexico had significantly higher fatality rates for all racial/ethnic groups compared to respective regional rates. Wyoming, North Dakota, and Montana had the three highest occupational fatality rates among foreign-born workers. Agriculture/forestry/fishing, mining/oil/gas extraction, and transportation/warehousing/utilities were industry sector groups with the three highest fatality rates regionally. Transportation-related incidents were the most frequent event type associated with occupational fatalities for all 19 states. Work-related fatalities are a crosscutting occupational public health priority. This analysis can be an impetus for collaborative multistate initiatives among a dynamic and varied occupational public health network to better meet the needs of a rapidly changing workforce.

Identifying key accident causation factors in the Malaysian construction industry.

Objectives. Notwithstanding its economic importance, the construction industry is still facing challenges due to its high accident record. As a result, the goal of this study is to identify the key underlying causes of accidents in the Malaysian construction industry that construction stakeholders can focus on to reduce the menace of accidents in the industry. Methods. To achieve this goal, relevant literature was reviewed in order to identify the causes of accidents. The identified factors were used to develop the survey questionnaire for collecting primary data, and the collected data were analysed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Results. The results of the EFA and CFA establish and confirm 11 clusters for the causes of accidents on construction sites: management problems; inadequate training; inadequate supervision; mental health problems; bad attitudes; inadequate funding; inadequate experience; material and equipment handling; poor safety practices; inadequate orientation; and work environment. Conclusion. The study concludes that addressing all 11 factors will drastically reduce the incessant accident occurrences in the construction industry. The result of this study will help construction stakeholders know where to direct their energy in an effort to reduce construction accidents.

Investigation of non-fatal occupational accidents and their causes in Turkish shipyards.

This study reports new data for 1028 non-fatal occupational accidents dated between January 2010 and April 2015 by applying the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) technique. A comprehensive survey was conducted at four shipyards in Tuzla, Istanbul and Yalova regions in Turkey and a workplace questionnaire appropriate for the AHP technique was carried out. The obtained results indicated that inadequate safety equipment and protective clothing, unsuitable usage of machines and tools, and disobeying occupational health and safety (OHS) procedures were the most common risk factors for the accidents. Hence the preventive measures could be identified by analyzing non-fatal accident data. After the identification of the descriptive measures, the priority order of these measures was asked of the occupational safety professionals in the shipbuilding industry, and we used the AHP method to evaluate the results.

Differences in shift and work-related patterns between metropolitan and regional/rural healthcare shift workers and the occupational health and safety risks.

OBJECTIVES: To explore if there are differences in shift patterns and work-related factors between metropolitan and regional/rural healthcare shift workers and their risk of poor sleep and mental health. Furthermore, explore whether these factors impact on medical errors, workplace and car/near car accidents. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. SETTING: An anonymous online survey of healthcare shift workers in Australia. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 403 nurses, midwives and paramedics completed the survey. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Sample characteristics, employment location, shift work-related features, sleep and mental health measurements, workplace accidents, medical errors and car/near car accident post shift. RESULTS: Regional/rural healthcare shift workers were significantly older, had more years' experience, worked more nights, on-call and hours per week. Those in metropolitan areas took significantly longer (minutes) to travel to work, had higher levels of anxiety, increased risk of shift work disorder, reported significantly more workplace accidents and were more likely to have a car/near car accident when commuting home post shift. Both groups reported ~25% having a medical error in the past year. Workplace accidents were related to more on-call shifts and poor sleep quality. Medical errors were associated with fewer years' experience, more evening shifts and increased stress. Car accidents were associated with metropolitan location and increased depression. CONCLUSION: Differences in work-related factors between metropolitan and regional/rural healthcare shift workers were observed. Some of these factors contributed to occupational health and safety risks. Further exploration is needed to understand how to reduce occupational health and safety risks, and improve employee and patient safety both in both regional/rural and metropolitan areas.

Políticas en salud laboral en personas trabajadoras mayores: análisis comparativo entre España y Chile / Occupational health policies in older workers: comparative analysis between Spain and Chile

Objetivo Analizar y comparar la normativa vigente española y chilena en materia de prevención de riesgos laborales respecto a la existencia de indicaciones específicas que protejan la seguridad y la salud laboral de las personas trabajadoras mayores de 55 años. Método Estudio cualitativo en el que se realizó un análisis documental de contenido utilizando ATLAS/ti. La muestra fue de 88 documentos normativos en materia de prevención de riesgos laborales de España y Chile. Se siguieron las orientaciones de la Agencia Europea para la Seguridad en el Trabajo (EU-OSHA) respecto a los riesgos críticos para la edad. Resultados En términos globales, el 21,9% de los documentos españoles analizados muestran la presencia explícita de consideraciones sobre el envejecimiento, mientras que para Chile esto sucede en el 9%. Ambos países mencionan indicaciones ante riesgos ergonómicos y ruido. El trabajo en turnos y los riesgos psicosociales solo se consideran en España, mientras que las temperaturas extremas, las vibraciones y la altura geográfica solo en la normativa chilena. Ningún país hace referencia a temas inherentes a las mujeres que trabajan (responsabilidades de cuidado, menopausia). Conclusiones La normativa española presenta mayores indicaciones sobre envejecimiento que la chilena. Sin embargo, el desarrollo es insuficiente en ambos países. Chile y España cuentan con guías de recomendaciones, no obligatorias y de aplicación voluntaria. Esto sugiere que la prevención de riesgos laborales tiene un desafío pendiente con las personas mayores de 55 años. (AU)

Objective To analyze and compare the current Spanish and Chilean regulations regarding occupational risk prevention, regarding the existence of specific indications that protect the occupational health and safety of people over 55 years of age. Method Qualitative study in which a documentary content analysis was carried out using ATLAS/ti. The sample was 88 regulatory documents on occupational risk prevention for Spain and Chile. The guidance of the European Agency for Safety at Work (EU-OSHA) regarding age-critical risks was followed. Results In global terms, 21.9% of the total Spanish documents analyzed show the explicit presence of considerations on aging, while for Chile this occurs in 9%. Both countries mention indications regarding ergonomic risks and noise. Shift work and psychosocial risks are considered only in Spain, while extreme temperatures, vibrations and geographical altitude appear exclusively in Chilean regulations. Neither country refers to issues inherent to working women (care responsibilities, menopause). Conclusions The Spanish regulations present a greater presence of indications on aging compared to the Chilean one. However, development in this area is insufficient in both countries. Chile and Spain have guides of recommendations, which are not mandatory, and their application is voluntary. This suggests that the prevention of occupational risks has a great pending challenge with people over 55 years of age. (AU)